The play is a commentary on the human condition and the futility of our pursuit of happiness. Chekhov shows that no matter how much we long for something, we can never escape the mundanity that surrounds us. In the end, the sisters' dreams remain unfulfilled, and they are stuck in the same place as before. The desire for a better life is universal, but the path to attaining it is uncertain.
Despite the tragic ending, the play is not entirely pessimistic. Chekhov offers a glimmer of hope in the character of Baron Tuzenbach, who represents the utopian dream that the sisters cling to. He is a dreamer, who also longs for a better life, but he is not willing to give up his ideals for temporary happiness.